Jump to content

1923 in paleontology

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

List of years in paleontology (table)
In science
1920
1921
1922
1923
1924
1925
1926
+...

Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils.[1] This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1923.

Plants

[edit]

Conifers

[edit]

Araucariaceae

[edit]
Name Novelty Status Authors Age Type locality Location Notes Images

Araucarioxylon texense[2]

Sp nov

Torrey

Cretaceous
Comanchean

Glen Rose Formation

 US
 Texas

An araucarian wood morphospecies

Araucarioxylon texense

†Cheirolepidiaceae

[edit]
Name Novelty Status Authors Age Type locality Location Notes Images

Brachyoxylon comanchense[2]

Sp nov

Torrey

Cretaceous
Comanchean

Glen Rose Formation

 US
 Texas

A cheirolepidiaceous wood morphospecies

Brachyoxylon comanchense

Brachyoxylon raritanense[2]

Sp nov

Torrey

Cretaceous
Turonian

Raritan Formation

 US
 New Jersey

A cheirolepidiaceous wood morphospecies

Brachyoxylon raritanense

Brachyoxylon woodworthianum[2]

Sp nov

Torrey

Cretaceous
Turonian

Raritan Formation

 US
 Massachusetts

A cheirolepidiaceous wood morphospecies

Brachyoxylon woodworthianum

Telephragmoxylon brachyphylloides[2]

Sp nov

Torrey

Cretaceous
Comanchean

 US
 Texas

A cheirolepidiaceous wood morphospecies
Location given as "Weatherford, Texas"

Telephragmoxylon brachyphylloides

Telephragmoxylon comanchense[2]

Sp nov

Torrey

Cretaceous
Comanchean

 US
 Texas

A cheirolepidiaceous wood morphospecies
Location given as "Weatherford, Texas"

Telephragmoxylon comanchense

Voltzioxylon[2]

Gen et sp nov

jr synonym

Torrey

Triassic
Late Triassic

Dockum group

 US
 Texas

A cheirolepidiaceous wood morphogenus
Considered a jr synonym of Protocupressinoxylon (1949)
The type species is V. dockumense

Protocupressinoxylon dockumense

Cupressaceae

[edit]
Name Novelty Status Authors Age Type locality Location Notes Images

Metacupressinoxylon[2]

Gen et comb nov

Torrey

Jurassic

 UK
 England

A cupressaceous wood morphogenus
The type species is Paracupressinoxylon cedroides (1913)

Paracupressinoxylon trinitense[2]

Sp nov

Torrey

Cretaceous
Comanchean

Trinity Group

 US
 Texas

A cupressaceous wood morphospecies
location given as "near Weatherford, Texas"

Paracupressinoxylon trinitense

Sequoioxylon[2]

Gen, sp, et comb nov

Torrey

Cretaceous
Maastrichtian

Laramie Formation

 US
 Montana

A redwood wood morphogenus
The type species is S. montanense
Includes the new species S. dakotense, S. laramense
Also includes Sequoia burgessii (1903)

Sequoioxylon montanense

Pinaceae

[edit]
Name Novelty Status Authors Age Type locality Location Notes Images

Abies longirostris[3][4]

Sp nov

jr Synonym

Knowlton

Oligocene
Chattian

Creede Formation

 US
 Colorado

A possible bristlecone fir species
A jr synonym of Abies rigida (1990)

Abies rigida[3][4]

Sp nov

valid

Knowlton

Oligocene
Chattian

Creede Formation

 US
 Colorado

A possible bristlecone fir species

Abies rigida

Pinus coloradensis[3][4]

Sp nov

jr synonym

Knowlton

Oligocene
Chattian

Creede Formation

 US
 Colorado

A bristle cone pine species
A jr synonym of Pinus crossii (1990)

Pinus crossii[3][4]

Sp nov

Valid

Knowlton

Oligocene
Chattian

Creede Formation

 US
 Colorado

A bristle cone pine species

Pinus similis[3][4]

Sp nov

jr synonym

Knowlton

Oligocene
Chattian

Creede Formation

 US
 Colorado

A bristle cone pine species
A jr synonym of Pinus crossii (1990)

Pityoxylon scituatensiforme[2]

Comb nov

(Bailey) Torrey

Cretaceous
Turonian

Raritan Formation

 US
 New Jersey

A pinaceous wood morphospecies
Moved from Pinus scituatensiforme (1911)

Pityoxylon scituatensiforme

Pseudotsuga annulata[2]

Comb nov

(Platen) Torrey

Pliocene

 US
 California

A Douglas fir wood morphospecies
Moved from Pityoxylon annulatum (1907)

Pseudotsuga annulata

Podocarpaceae

[edit]
Name Novelty Status Authors Age Type locality Location Notes Images

Podocarpoxylon dakotense[2]

Sp nov

Torrey

Cretaceous

Laramie group

 US
 North Dakota

A "podocarpaceous" wood morphospecies
Podocarpoxylon Noted by Torrey to be very similar to Cupressaceae and problematic in definition.

Podocarpoxylon texense[2]

Sp nov

Torrey

Eocene

 US
 Texas

A podocarpaceous wood morphospecies
Location given as "lignite mine at Rockdale station, Texas"

Podocarpoxylon Noted by Torrey to be very similar to Cupressaceae and problematic in definition.

Podocarpoxylon texense

Podocarpoxylon washingtonense[2]

Sp nov

Torrey

Miocene

Wilkes Formation

 US
 Washington

A podocarpaceous wood morphospecies
Location given as "Salmon Creek"
Podocarpoxylon Noted by Torrey to be very similar to Cupressaceae and problematic in definition.

Podocarpoxylon washingtonense

Angiosperms

[edit]

Basal eudicots

[edit]
Name Novelty Status Authors Age Type locality Location Notes Images

Odostemon hakeaefolia[3][4]

Comb nov

Jr synonym

(Lesquereux) Knowlton

Eocene
Priabonian

Florissant Formation

 US
 Colorado

A Mahonia species
Moved from Lomatia hakeaefolia (1883)
Moved to Mahonia hakeaefolia (1936)
Specimens from Creede combined into Mahonia aceroides (1990)

Odostemon(?) marginata[3][4]

Comb nov

Jr synonym

(Lesquereux) Knowlton

Eocene
Priabonian

Florissant Formation

 US
 Colorado

A Mahonia species
Moved from Hedera marginata (1883)
Moved to Mahonia marginata (1936)
Specimens from Creede combined into Mahonia aceroides (1990)

Superroids

[edit]
Fagales
[edit]
Name Novelty Status Authors Age Type locality Location Notes Images

Alnus? larseni[3][4]

Sp nov

jr synonym

Knowlton

Oligocene
Chattian

Creede Formation

 US
 Colorado

First identified as a possible Alder species
Moved to Populus larsenii (1990)

Rubus? inquirendus[3][4]

Sp nov

Knowlton

Oligocene
Chattian

Creede Formation

 US
 Colorado

A possible bramble species flower

Malvales
[edit]
Name Novelty Status Authors Age Type locality Location Notes Images

Sterculia aceroides[3][4]

Sp nov

Jr synonym

Knowlton

Oligocene
Chattian

Creede Formation

 US
 Colorado

First identified as a Sterculia species
Moved to Mahonia aceroides (1990)

Incertae sedis

[edit]
Name Novelty Status Authors Age Type locality Location Notes Images

Phyllites potentilloides[3][4]

Sp nov

jr synonym

Knowlton

Oligocene
Chattian

Huerto Formation

 US
 Colorado

First identified as a leaf of uncertain affiliation
Moved to Sorbus potentilloldes (1987)

Arthropoda

[edit]

Insects

[edit]
Name Novelty Status Authors Age Unit Location Notes Images

Archimyrmex[5]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Cockerell

Eocene
Lutetian

Green River Formation

 USA

A myrmeciine ant
The type species is A. rostratus

Archimyrmex rostratus

Archosauromorpha

[edit]

Newly named dinosaurs

[edit]

Data courtesy of George Olshevsky's dinosaur genera list.[6]

Name Status Author Age Unit Location Notes Images

Altispinax[7]

Valid taxon

Friedrich von Huene

Early Cretaceous (middle Valanginian)

Wadhurst Clay Formation

A possible carcharodontosaurid.

Lambeosaurus[8]

Valid taxon

Parks

middle-late Campanian

Dinosaur Park Formation

A lambeosaurine hadrosaurid.

Lambeosaurus

Lametasaurus[9]

Nomen dubium.

Matley

late Maastrichtian

Lameta Formation

A composite of abelisaurid and titanosaur remains.

Pentaceratops[10]

Valid taxon

Henry Fairfield Osborn

late Campanian

Kirtland Formation
Fruitland Formation

A chasmosaurine ceratopsid.

Pentaceratops
"Protiguanodon"[11]

Junior synonym of Psittacosaurus.

Henry Fairfield Osborn

Barremian

Öösh Formation

A junior synonym of the psittacosaurid ceratopsian Psittacosaurus.

Protoceratops[12]

Valid taxon

Granger and Gregory

middle-late Campanian

Djadochta Formation

A protoceratopsid ceratopsian.

Protoceratops
"Protrachodon"[13][14]

Nomen nudum?

Nopcsa

Mentioned in print, but never given full description

Psittacosaurus[11]

Valid taxon

Henry Fairfield Osborn

Barremian

Öösh Formation

A little psittacosaurid ceratopsian.

Psittacosaurus
Thecocoelurus[7]

Nomen dubium.

Friedrich von Huene

Barremian

Wessex Formation

An ornithomimosaur. New genus for "Thecospondylus" daviesi Seeley, 1888.

Pterosaurs

[edit]

New taxa

[edit]
Name Status Authors Age Unit Location Notes Images

Anurognathus

Valid

Döderlein

Tithonian

Solnhofen Limestone

 Germany

An anurognathid. a Pterosaur with a Bat-like lifestyle.

Anurognathus

Synapsids

[edit]

Non-mammalian

[edit]
Name Status Authors Age Location Notes Images

Burnetia

Valid

Robert Broom

255 million years ago

A biarmosuchian, a member of Burnetiidae. with weird-looking knobs on its head.

Burnetia

Dinophoneus

Junior synonym

Robert Broom

A titanosuchid. Junior synonym of Jonkeria.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Gini-Newman, Garfield; Graham, Elizabeth (2001). Echoes from the past: world history to the 16th century. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. ISBN 9780070887398. OCLC 46769716.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Torrey, R. E. (1923). "The comparative anatomy and phylogeny of the Coniferales Part 3: Mesozoic and Tertiary coniferous woods". Proceedings and Transactions of the Royal Society of Canada. 3. Vol. 6 (no. 2). Memoirs of the Boston Society of Natural History. pp. 38–103.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Knowlton, F.H. (1923). Fossil plants from the Tertiary lake beds of South-Сentral Colorado (Report). Professional Paper. Vol. 131-G. United States Geological Survey. pp. 183–197. doi:10.3133/pp131G.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Wolfe, J.A.; Schorn, H.E. (1990). Taxonomic revision of the Spermatopsida of the Oligocene Creede flora, southern Colorado (Report). Bulletin. Vol. 1923. United States Geological Survey. pp. 1–40. doi:10.3133/b1923.
  5. ^ Dlussky, G.M. (2012). "New Fossil Ants of the Subfamily Myrmeciinae (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from Germany". Paleontological Journal. 46 (3): 288–292. doi:10.1134/s0031030111050054.
  6. ^ Olshevsky, George. "Dinogeorge's Dinosaur Genera List". Archived from the original on 2011-07-15. Retrieved 2008-08-07.
  7. ^ a b Huene, F. von. 1923. Carnivorous Saurischia in Europe since the Triassic. Bull. Geol. Soc. America 34: pp. 449-458.
  8. ^ Parks, W.A. 1923. Corythosaurus intermedius, a new species of trachodont dinosaur. Univ. Toronto Stud. (Geol. Ser.) 13: pp. 1-32.
  9. ^ Matley, C.A. 1923. Note on an armoured dinosaur from the Lameta beds of Jubbulpore. Rec. Geol. Survey India 55 (2): pp. 105-109.
  10. ^ Osborn, H.F. 1923. A new genus and species of Ceratopsia from New Mexico, Pentaceratops stennbergi. Amer. Mus. Novitates 93: pp. 1-3.
  11. ^ a b Osborn, H.F. 1923. Two Lower Cretaceous dinosaurs from Mongolia. Amer. Mus. Novitates 95: pp. 1-10.
  12. ^ Granger, W. and W.K. Gregory. 1923. Protoceratops andrewsi, a preceratopian dinosaur from Mongolia. Amer. Museum Novitates 42: pp. 1-9.
  13. ^ Nopcsa, F. 1923. Die Familien der Reptilien. Fortschr. Geol. Palaeontol. 2: pp. 1-210.
  14. ^ B. F. Nopcsa. 1923. On the geological importance of the primitive reptilian fauna in the uppermost Cretaceous of Hungary; with a description of a new tortoise (Kallokibotion). Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society 74:100-116